The widespread legalization of cannabis in the US has many pros and cons. Benefits include safe access to clean products and a wide range of therapeutic potential for patients. On the flip side, some argue that cannabis may negatively impact the mental health of certain individuals.
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So-called “cannabis-induced psychosis (CIP)” has been weaponized by anti-pot advocates, yet research into the condition remains mixed. However, a new study may provide clarity.
Cannabis and DNA
The journal Molecular Psychiatry published an analysis that focused on the impact of marijuana consumption on human DNA, specifically looking at a molecular process called DNA methylation. This process helps regulate gene activity by signaling specific genes to turn off or on. Scientists honed in on how “high potency cannabis” impacts DNA, which they defined as pot with more than 10 percent THC.
The research team used data from two European studies, examining DNA samples and self-reported cannabis use information. 239 participants were experiencing their first episode of psychosis during the study, while 443 participants were in a stable mental state. Roughly 65 percent of volunteers identified as male, while the age range was between 16-72.
Honing in on genetics
Scientists sought to identify any differences in DNA methylation between healthy cannabis consumers and those experiencing psychosis. It turns out that regular use of high-potency weed does impact the genes, specifically those regulating energy and immune system functions.
Participants with psychosis displayed a decreased mitochondrial function, while those in a neutral mental state did not. The research team pinpointed these differences as evidence there could be a predisposition for cannabis-induced psychosis in certain people.
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There were limitations in the study. The first centers on self-reported cannabis consumption. Scientists could only surmise the potency of pot based on the strain name given by participants, which they compared to available government data. Cannabis potency can vary widely due to growing conditions and other factors, meaning it’s hard for researchers to know precise THC content based on strain name alone.
Study authors also contend that while they factored in tobacco use to their DNA analysis, “distinct cannabis signal becomes challenging.” Roughly 85 percent of study participants use tobacco, which is known to alter DNA methylation.
Data may guide future research
Despite limitations, the research team hopes their findings inform future studies into how cannabis impacts the human body. Given the DNA results, it may be possible for scientists to develop a blood test that could indicate whether someone is predisposed to CIP. With so much attention being paid to the condition, a test like that could help bolster harm reduction and reduce risks.
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As cannabis legalization spreads, the plant’s impacts will remain under scrutiny. Studies like this can ease concerns about negative effects and ensure reform happens as safely as possible.
